宇仁義和・舘山一孝. 2020. オホーツク海南部の沿岸で発生した流氷によるシャチのストランディング. 日本セトロジー研究,30: 11–19.
UNi, Yoshikazu and Tateyama, Kazutaka. 2020. Ice-related Strandings of Killer Whales at Shore in the Southern Okhotsk Sea Japan Cetology, 30: 11–19.
シャチは世界の海洋に広く分布し,季節海氷域や海氷が周年見られる海域(多年氷域)にまで回遊する.沖合形成海氷が存在する最も低緯度のオホーツク海南部にもシャチは普通に観察される.ところがこの海域の北海道,樺太(サハリン),択捉島の沿岸では1925–2016年に8件の漂流する海氷(流氷)によるシャチのストランディングが観察されている.これはおおよそ10年に1度の頻度である.座礁を起こした流氷の厚みや密度はさまざまで,流氷原の本体から先端部,さらには流氷原の切れ端の場合があり,氷の大きさも大きな氷盤から砕け氷まであった.シャチの座礁に対する住民の対応は1970年代までは食料利用であったが,21 世紀には救出活動が試みられるなど劇的に変化した.
Killer whales are extensively distributed throughout the world’s oceans and migrate to areas where there is seasonal and year-round sea ice. Even at the southern tip of the Okhotsk Sea, the lowest latitudes where the offshore formation sea ice exists, killer whales are commonly observed during the winter months. At least eight ice-related strandings at the shore of killer whales occurred in Etorofu Island, Hokkaido, and southern Sakhalin between 1925 and 2016. These strandings were observed roughly once per decade. All stranding events occurred with drift ice floe, and not in fast ice. The thickness and density of sea ice floes were different among the events, e.g., from a primary ice floe to a separated front mass or small ice floe fragment in geologi- cal scale or from a large ice cake to brash ice debris. Until the 1970s, the response of the locals was food consumption of whale meat; however, rescue efforts were attempted for three cases in the 21st century.